Obezite Cerrahisi Sonrası Alkol Kullanımı ve Bağımlılık Riski
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.18002692Anahtar Kelimeler:
Alkol kullanım bozukluğu, obezite cerrahisi, risk faktörleriÖzet
Obezite, küresel ölçekte giderek artan yaygınlığı ve yol açtığı ciddi sağlık sorunları nedeniyle önemli bir halk sağlığı problemi olarak kabul edilmektedir. Diyet, yaşam tarzı değişiklikleri ve farmakolojik tedavilere yanıt alınamayan olgularda bariatrik cerrahi, etkili ve kalıcı bir tedavi seçeneği olarak öne çıkmaktadır. Bununla birlikte bariatrik cerrahinin etkileri yalnızca kilo kaybı ve metabolik iyileşme ile sınırlı olmayıp; fizyolojik, nörohormonal ve psikososyal değişimleri de beraberinde getirmektedir. Son yıllarda yapılan çalışmalar, bariatrik cerrahi sonrası alkol kullanım bozukluğu (AKB) riskinde artış olabileceğine işaret etmektedir. Cerrahi tekniklere bağlı olarak alkol metabolizmasında meydana gelen değişiklikler, ameliyat sonrası ortaya çıkan psikososyal stresörler ve yeme davranışlarındaki dönüşümler bu riskin artmasında rol oynayan başlıca etkenler arasında yer almaktadır. Literatürde AKB riskinin çoğunlukla ameliyat sonrası ilk 1–2 yıl içinde belirginleştiği bildirilmektedir. Bariatrik cerrahi sonrası alkol kullanımına ilişkin risklerin belirlenmesi, hem klinik uygulamalar hem de uzun dönemli izlem ve takip süreçleri açısından büyük önem taşımaktadır. Bu derlemenin amacı; bariatrik cerrahi sonrası alkol kullanımına ilişkin riskleri ortaya koymak, bu risklerin görülme zamanı ve sıklığını incelemek, bireysel ve cerrahi faktörlerle olan ilişkilerini değerlendirmek ve etkili olduğu bildirilen önleyici ile müdahale edici stratejileri güncel literatür doğrultusunda ele almaktır. Bu kapsamda çalışma, bariatrik cerrahi sonrası alkol kullanım risklerini cerrahi, demografik ve psikososyal boyutlarıyla bütüncül bir yaklaşımla değerlendirmeyi hedeflemektedir.
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