DISLALIA IN LEARNING DISABILITY

Abstract

Language is a complex structure that people use to communicate. Each individual's use of language depends on his or her personal experiences, culture, family and environment. Therefore, the development of language may differ from person to person. Language development in children progresses rapidly from birth. Babies begin to lay the foundations of language by reacting to the sounds coming from their environment. In the first months, these reactions usually take the form of crying and vocal imitations. Over time, babies develop their vocabulary and begin to use simple sentences. Language errors are normal during this period and help the development of children's language skills. One should speak fluently to children from infancy, that is, the speech described as "baby speech" should not develop between the individual and the child. If we talk about learning disabilities, which are studied in the field of special education around the world; Learning disability is difficulty in acquiring and delay in using skills such as listening, speaking, arithmetic writing, reading and understanding. Learning disability is not a disease but a developmental delay. There are five different sub-branches of learning disabilities: Dyslexia, Dysgraphia, Dyscalculia, Dyspraxia and Dyslalia. Dislali is a new concept in the world and is not yet fully known in our country. It causes individuals with dyslexia to have phonetic irregularities, pronunciation problems, difficulty in producing or changing sounds during speech. When an individual has this disability, he or she cannot communicate, causing damage to the social-emotional area. Although the exact cause is unknown, it is thought to be a deficiency caused by damage to the brain. In individuals with dyslexia, we encounter symptoms such as retardation in language development, hyperactivity, and weakness in concept development. It is possible for the individual to be exposed to environmental and peer bullying due to this deficiency. When an individual encounters such situations, communication problems arise and it is possible for the individual to lack self-confidence, feel uneasy and confused due to the inability to maintain emotional control. In order to improve the disability, it is important that experts, families and teachers act together to prepare individual education programs suitable for the individual and to continue the education process in this way.